Multi Point Cutting Tool: Definition, Examples, Pros & Cons [PDF]

Contents

In this blog, we shall be talking about the Multi Point Cutting tool its definition, types, examples, advantages, and Disadvantages. We have also provided a PDF for the same

What is Multi Point Cutting Tool

The process of mechanically removing material from a workpiece by rotating a tool with multiple sharp cutting edges along a horizontal or vertical axis is termed a “Multi point cutting tool.”A multi-point cutter can contain anywhere from three to numerous cutting edges. Each cutting edge possesses its own set of rake and flank surfaces since it forms at the intersection of these surfaces.

Multi point cutting tools are equipped with multiple cutting blades capable of performing several machining operations simultaneously. Milling cutters and circular saws are the primary types of tools falling under this category. Typically, a multi-point cutting tool rotates while the workpiece remains stationary, unlike a single-point cutting tool that rotates while the workpiece stays still

Examples of Multi point Cutting Tools

Grinding Wheels: Abrasive discs for precision grinding, refining surfaces, and material removal. Pro: Achieves tight tolerances. Con: Generates heat that can affect workpiece integrity.

Knurling Tools: Create textured patterns on surfaces for enhanced grip. Pro: Enhances functionality and aesthetics. Con: Limited to specific applications due to the textured surface.

Milling Tools: Cut, contour, and drill using rotating edges in milling machines. Pro: Versatile for various operations. Con: Can result in higher tool wear in demanding applications.

Hobs: Shape gear teeth via hobbing for gear manufacturing. Pro: Provides accurate and efficient gear profiles. Con: Limited to specific gear types and sizes.

Broach: Shape complex surfaces efficiently, e.g., keyways and splines. Pro: Excellent for intricate designs. Con: Requires careful setup and can be slower for high-volume production.

Reamer: Precisely refine and enlarge drilled holes. Pro: Ensures high hole accuracy and surface finish. Con: Limited to hole enlargement and can be slower compared to other methods.

Advantages of Multi Point Cutting Tool

Pros of Multi-point Cutting Tools

Reduced Chip Load: Distribution of load among cutting edges lowers chip load, enabling higher feed rates for enhanced material removal.
High Material Removal Rate: Increased feed rates and depth of cut improve productivity.
Enhanced Productivity: High feed rates and depth of cut contribute to overall productivity.
Force Distribution: Equally distributed chip load reduces force on each edge, potentially eliminating specific force components.
Cooling Effects: Intermittent engagement and disengagement disperse heat, preventing excessive tool body heating and plastic deformation.
Lower Wear Rate: Reduced heat accumulation leads to decreased tool wear rate and extended tool life.

Disadvantages of Multi Point Cutting Tool

Cons of Multi-point Cutting Tools

Fluctuating Load: Intermittent cutting leads to varying loads on cutting edges, causing noise, vibration, and potential endurance issues.
Noise Generation: Fluctuating loads contribute to noise generation during machining.
Vibration Generation: Intermittent cutting can lead to vibrations that affect machining precision and tool life.
Endurance Failure: Fluctuating loads may lead to endurance failures in the cutting tool over time.
Higher Cost: Complex design and fabrication result in higher costs for these cutters.
Critical Design: The intricate design of multi-point cutting tools poses challenges in their creation and use.